Cash Flow Projections for a Consumer Financing and Loan Servicing Company in the USA

cash_flow_projections

About the Client

The client provides alternative financing for career schools, technical schools, and other training providers. They have established innovative solutions that traditional lenders do not provide, allowing education to individuals with lower or limited credit histories

The Business Challenge

For a given pool of loans, generate cash flow projections such as total paid, principal and interest, balance, and defaults for each time period

What Aptus Data Labs Did

Built a Cashflow Model framework based on Monte Carlo simulation since the dynamics of payments, defaults, and other events are all interdependent and inherently uncertain. The model is a multi-period loan-level simulation with modular submodels for – ML-based Probability of Default, Cancellation, Prepayment, Loan Amount Adjustment and Delinquency

The Impact Aptus Data Labs Made

Accurate cashflow projections by the Model framework developed by the Aptus team provided valuation analysis to the client and insights to identify the healthy pools of loan to finance. The Aptus team built a challenger Probability of Default model with accuracy boosted by 4%, improving the credit underwriting process

The Business and Technology Approach

The Aptus team began by examining the client’s loan portfolio to determine sources and concentrations of risk

  • The Aptus team began by examining the client's loan portfolio to determine sources and concentrations of risk
  • The Cashflow Model framework consists of the following components and submodels:
    ○ Loan Cancellation Model
    ○ Loan Amount Adjustment Model
    ○ Prepayment Model
    ○ Delinquency Adjustment Model
  • Developed the ML based Probability of Default (PD) model using features such as FICO score for applicants and co-applicants, EFC grants, CRM fields, service impact changes, demographic data etc.
  • Implemented smoothing and extrapolation of PD model as
    ○ non-monotonicity and fluctuations in estimated cumulative PD needs smoothing, and
    ○ estimation of cumulative PD for longer horizons needs extrapolation
  • Performed Roll-Rate Analysis to determine the percentage of loan accounts that transition to a better, worse or remain in the same delinquency state
  • Estimated static pool cashflow projections using 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations leveraging all sub-models
  • Validated the performance of the framework using backtesting

Process Flow of the Cashflow Model framework

Tools used

R, Python, Amazon EC2, RDS, Postgresql, Quicksight

The Outcome

  • Provided valuation and advisory services to the client to finance a pool of loans on their balance sheet
  • Improved accuracy of the Default Model by 3 to 4% and cumulative cash flow projection by 11%, enhancing their cash management

Team members involved:
Abhishek Das, Akshit Mittal, Kaustav Purkait, Abhay Gautam Bankar

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